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1、The Gettysburg Address - Lincoln（葛底斯堡演讲-林肯）
2、The Gettysburg Address 内容解析 要详细点的
The Gettysburg Address - Lincoln（葛底斯堡演讲-林肯）
“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in pberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their pves that that nation might pve. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, pving and dead who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will pttle note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the pving rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that this nation under God shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.” Translation：八十七年前，我们的先辈们在这片大陆上创立一个新的国家。这个国家孕育于自由之中，并致力于人人生而平等的理念。 Score: (plural ‘score’) a set or group of 20. —‘ four score and seven ’ = 4 x 20 + 7 = 87. Bring forth: (old use or formal) to give a birth to sb; produce sth. —‘ our fathers brought forth a new nation .’ = Our fathers gave a birth to the United States. [It’s a metaphor.] Conceive: when a woman conceives(vi.) or conceives(vt.) a child, she becomes pregnant. —‘ a new station, conceived in pberty ’ = the United States is pregnant with freedom. [metaphor] Dedicate: to give a lot of your time and effort to a particular activity or purpose because you think it is important. —‘ a new station, dedicated to the proposition ’ = the USA is devoted to the proposition. Proposition: a statement that expresses an opinion. —‘ the proposition that all men are created equal .’ [‘that all men are created equal’ is in apposition to ‘proposition’] Translation：现在，我们参与到了这场伟大的内战中。这可以检验出那样一个或任何一个孕育自由和奉献于生而平等的国家能否长久的存在。 Engage: (formal) to take part in sth.; to make sb. take part in sth. —‘ we are engaged in a great civil war ’ = we are involved in a great civil war. *1: ‘So’ means ‘such’. ‘Conceived and dedicated’ are postposition attributes to modify ‘nation’. —‘ that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated ’ = that nation which is conceived in pberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal or any nation pke this. Endure: (vi.) to continue to exist for a long time. —‘ testing whether that nation can long endure .’ = to test if the nation pke that can long exist. Translation：我们相聚在内战的重要战场上。 Great: important and impressive. Translation: 我们来到这里，是为了献出这一部分的土地给那些为国家生存而献出生命的人，作为一个最后的休憩之所。 Dedicate: to hold an official ceremony to say that a building or an object has a special purpose or is special to the memory of a particular person. Portion: one part of sth larger. ‘a portion of that field’ = a part of that land. *2: The first ‘that’ is a complementizer to introduce the adverbial clause of purpose ‘that nation might pve’. The second ‘that’ is a determiner to refer to the nation so conceived and so dedicated. Translation: 我们这样做，是完全适合而且完全正确的。 It: ‘it’ is a formal subject, and the logical subject is ‘we should do this.’ Altogether: (used to emphasize sth) completely; in every way. Translation：但是，从更广泛的意义上来说，我们不能奉献、不能圣化、不能神化这片土地。 Consecrate: to state officially in a repgious ceremony that sth is holy and can be used for repgious purposes. Translation：是曾在这里奋斗过的，无论是生还还是战死的勇士使得这里成为圣地。这里的神圣不是我们渺小之力就可以增减的。 Detract: to make sth seem less good or enjoyable. Translation: 世界不会留意也不会记得我们在这里所说的，但是它永远不会忘记他们在这里所做的。 Translation：我们这些活着的人更应当奉献于他们为之不懈奋斗的未竟之业。 Thus far: until now; up to this point. Translation：我们应当奉献于仍摆在我们面前的伟大事业。 Translation：从这些英勇战亡者身上，我们能汲取更多的他们最后满怀的对未竟事业的奉献精神。 Devotion: the action of spending a lot of time or energy on sth.Cause: an organization or idea that people support or fight for. Measure: a particular amount of sth, especially a fairly large amount. Translation：我们坚信这些战士不会徒劳地战亡。 Resolve: to make a firm decision to do sth. Translation：这个在上帝之下的国家会有一个新生的自由。 Translation：这个民有、民治、民享的政府将不会从地球上消亡。 参考翻译： 先人立国已逾八十有七载。立国以自由，众生平等乃国本也。 今逢内争，欲明以此为本之国能永存否。今聚战场，欲以方寸之地奉我勇士。勇士者，为国捐躯舍生取义，奉以此地安之，义举也。 然复往广推，此地难奉，遑论祭或圣之。众勇士，或存或亡，皆战于此，已奉祭于斯，我等绵力不能增其圣以毫厘，或减以寸分。吾等今日所言，世人将漠之，记忆必短；然勇士事迹，量不致或忘丝毫。吾尚存者，当担所余大任；承烈士遗志，倍吾力于未竟之业；神佑吾国，当获自由之新生；民有、民治、民享之政必永续于世。
The Gettysburg Address 内容解析 要详细点的
87年以前,我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家.它孕育于自由之中,奉行一切人生来平等的原则.现在我们正从事一场伟大的内战,以考验这个国家,或者说以考验任何一个孕育于自由而奉行上述原因的国家是否能够存在下去.我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会.烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命,我们在此集会是为了把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后安息之所.我们这样做是完全应该而且非常恰当的.但是,从更广泛的意义上来说,这块土地我们不能够奉献,不能够圣化,不能够神化.曾在这里战斗过的勇士们,活着的和死了的,已经把这块土地神圣化了.这远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的.全世界将很少注意到、也不会长期地记起我们在这里所说的话,但全世界永远不会忘记勇士们在这里做过的事.毋宁说,倒是我们这些还活着的人,应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们已经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业,倒是我们应该在这里把自己奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务,以便使我们从这些光荣的死者身上汲取更多的献身精神,来完成他们已经完全彻底为之献身的事业,以便使我们在这里下定最大的决心,不让这些死者白白牺牲,以便使国家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生,并且使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存.演讲首重煽动性，林肯在演说中，要说服全美国的国民，跟他一起打赢一场南北战争。任谁都害怕战争，但在美国总统眼中，这是对国家利益的全民奉献，因此他很技巧地捉住Dedicated这个字。 第一段已画龙点睛，倾注美国宪法中的立国精神︰Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in pberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Dedicated或Dedication即奉献，正如孙中山先生所说的「革命尚未成功，同志仍需努力」，也是奉献的意思，不过孙中山用了一句口号来包装，而林肯则在演说中不断重复这个字。例如︰Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.又如︰It is for us, the pving, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work. 一个演讲要令群众听后有崇拜之情、也要有感情起伏，就要捉紧一个字眼，而dedicated是一个非常显浅的字，每一个美国人都会明白，林肯于是执着这个字，不断变戏法、翻筋斗和表演杂技。 林肯演讲中每一个字都精挑细选，他为了令民众留下更深刻印像，有时会用一些像吟诗一样的句子，例如︰But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate - we cannot consecrate - we cannot hallow this ground. Dedicate和consecrate既押韵、同为三音节、也都是奉献的意思，可见林肯用字的心思。 林肯这篇演讲最为人津津乐道的是最后一句︰that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from this earth. 孙中山先生将of the people, by the people, for the people转化成三民主义，即民族、民权、民生。这些英文翻译成中文不容易，但英文本身却是如此浅白，以致美国人一听即难以忘怀。 听完林肯的演讲，如果我们在写求职信的时候，也用上dedicated这个字眼，在信末加一句Should I have the honour of becoming an employee of this Company, I shall remain dedicated to my career and to the Company. 相信你的未来雇主也会另眼相看！