时间状语从句(一次讲清楚时间状语从句)
时间状语从句
1.when, while,as引导的时间状语从句的主、从句动作发生的顺序及主、从句的时态要求。
(1)主、从句动作发生的顺序
when与as引导的时间状语从句,主、从句谓语动词可以同时发生也可以先后发生; while引导的时间状语从句,主、从句谓语动词同时发生或主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中。
When he had finished his homework. he took a short rest
当他完成作业后,他稍微休息了一会儿。(从句动作先发生)
I got to the airport, the guests had left.
当我赶到机场时,客人们已经离开了。(从句动作后发生)
While we were working in the field, it suddenly began to rain
当我们正在地里劳动时,天忽然下起雨来。
(2)主、从句的时态要求
如果主句的动作发生于从句的动作进行的过程中,从句常用进行时。
Someone broke into the house when/while/as she was sleeping
在她睡觉时有人闯人屋里。
2.表示时间先后的连词主要包括 before和 after.
after
表示“在……之后”。
before可表达多种意义:“…之后オ…”":“还没来得及……就……”等。
before常用于以下句型
It will be+时间段+ before..(从句用一般现在时)要过多长时间才
It won't be+时间段+ before.(从句用一般现在时)过不了多长时间就
t wasn' t long before.(从句用一般过去时)没过多久就
It was+时间段+ before..(从句用一般过去时)过了多长时间才
It will be half a year before I come back.半年之后我才回来。
It won't be long before we meet again.过不了多久我们就会再见面。
wasn't long before he left the cour过多久他就离开了这个国家。
After the students came to the lab, the professor brought out three bottles
们到实验室后,教授拿出了3个瓶子。
3.表示“延续性”和“非延续性”的连词主要包括 since、 till/until等。
(1)在含有 since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,从句中谓语动词多用一
般过去时,而主句中谓语动词多用现在完成时。
I have lived here since I came here
自从我来到这儿,我就住在这儿。
(2)il和umti(tiI不可以位于句首):在肯定句中,主句的谓语动词是延续
性动词,而在否定句中,主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词。
He waited until/till his mother came back
他一直等到他妈妈回.
I didn't go to bed until
ill I fin
到做完作业我才上床睡觉
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4.表示“一(刚)…就的连词(短语)
nediately,directly, no sooner.han、 hardly/scarcely.hen等。
I told him the news the moment I saw him
to
我一看见他就把那则消息告诉他了。
No sooner had he got to the station than the bus left
他刚到车站,公交车就离开了。
温馨提示:在 no sooner. than和 hardly/scarce.hen.结构中,当no...sooner和 hardly/ scarcely位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。
gave
-Hardly had I got home when it began to rain
我刚到家,天就开始下雨了。
5.表示“经常性或习惯性”的连词: each time、 every time、 whenever等。
He is busy working each time I see hi
我每次看见他,他都在忙着工作。
Whenever I see her, she always wears a smile
无论我什么时候看到她,她总是面带微笑。